So You Think You Are Going to Live Forever Essay Example for Free

So You Think You Are Going to Live Forever Essay Everybody believes that none of the accounts they hear will transpire. They think they are invulnerable. â€Å"So You Think You Are Going to Live Forever? † is an introduction by Officer Pete Collins to a gathering of secondary school understudies. It was taken in 1990 to bring down the degree of the individuals who drive drunk. Unfortunately, the pace of drinking has gone up. In this article, it will clarify what lager advertisements don’t. Liquor is advertized each day. They are the main class in business notices today. In any case, there is such a significant number of things liquor and brew ads don’t notice. Like the numerous lives it has take, youthful and old, or how it denies yourself of your own choices. At the point when liquor is going through one’s circulation system it deadens their capacity to settle on choices for themselves. Liquor ransacks the circulation system of oxygen. Your body and mind need loads of oxygen to work appropriately. The absence of oxygen brings about discourse and conduct changes. They can't have an independent mind. Envision you can’t think and you blend that in with driving. The results are extraordinary. Individuals feel that on the off chance that they don’t drink they are sheltered. That is massively off-base. You have similar odds of getting in a disaster area when you are not smashed then when you are. There has just been 244 passings because of alcoholic driving only this year. Drinking influences all of us, whether or not we decided to drink or not. You most likely were not drinking, yet the wild driver that collided with you was. Different people groups activities and picks influence you the same amount of as your own picks influence you. One individual is killed each half hour because of alcoholic driving. Every year roughly 16,000 are slaughtered. Liquor is a factor in practically 50% of all traffic fatalities. Each and every other moment an individual is truly harmed in a liquor related accident. YOU can forestall this by just not drinking while at the same time driving. That is the reason everybody should help spread the news to not drive under the influence. You never know, it may even spare our life and furthermore your friends and family. At the point when Officer Collins originally strolled on and began talking, I resembled â€Å"Great another video showing us not to drive under the influence. † However, after the video finished I was so influenced by the narratives of the numerous that bites the dust; I concluded I would make a decided to never drive under the influence. Individuals don’t comprehend the hazard they are putting on their lives and on everyone else’s life on the read. In the event that individuals comprehended, they wouldn’t even mull over getting into a vehicle when they are tanked. They think they are powerful, such as nothing will transpire. Their companions are close by, drinking and making some great memories. They pressure you into drinking, despite the fact that you realize you need to drive that night. You think they are genuine companions that they’ll be close by for eternity. In any case, when you are shrouded in glass, you realize you weren't right. Your companions won’t be there. â€Å"You’ll bite the dust all alone† were the specific expressions of Officer Collins. Try not to drive drunk, regardless of what the conditions are. It is just human instinct to imagine that nothing will transpire. We are raised hearing such a significant number of stories that have never happened to us and we think they never will. By and by, when we make the awful picks, they most unquestionably occur. Official Pete Collins experienced things that an individual ought to never need to ever understanding. Each and every one of us can forestall the passings of fender benders in the event that we decided not to drive under the influence. Try not to be tricked by the lager plugs. For they just mention to you what they need you to hear. Try not to drive under the influence, regardless. On the off chance that you endure once, you won’t be so fortunate whenever.

Fall in and Who’s for the game? Essay

These two instances of sonnets are ordinary of the war publicity of the period, they are promulgation banners to cause typical individuals to get up, advise their companions and to join the military, naval force or RAF. They attempt to humiliate individuals who like to be manly and question their manliness; this causes them to demonstrate to individuals that they are a man so they go to battle in the war. The sonnet prods unmasculine men and attempts to cause them to feel awful for not going to battle. Harold Begbie shouts that all the MEN who battle in the war will be commended in the road, ladies will adore them (which isn't correct on the off chance that they are seriously debilitated), everybody will disregard you on the off chance that you don’t go and each and every individual who wills be legends. Men loathe getting overlooked by ladies along these lines they will need to sign up Jessie Pope’s thought of a game causes the peruser to feel as though war is a football ball coordinate or an extraordinary game. Going with the LADS causes it to feel like there is comradery and a decent time to be had with cool individuals, there’s no notice of any demise, killing individuals, blood or some other grisly subtleties, it just says you may get a messed up leg which will engage men who need to look macho and as though they’ve been battling, it will make them look extreme and bold. SONNY is utilized to disparage the peruser, to cause him to feel contemptible of being a major tough man yet progressively like a young man who’s a tad of a joke. SONNY is utilized to make a man attempt to substantiate himself and go sign up. The creator makes a sentiment of every other person will discussion of the war and become well known however you will be embarrassed in light of the fact that you didn't go and you will attempt to keep away from everybody so they wont know. Typical individuals hurried out to beat the enemy which implies they left with no delay or stresses and knew they’d be back at any rate actually rapidly. The creator says when you are old you will tell your youngsters and grandkids of leaving war stories and undertakings. However, on the off chance that you’re a lot of quitter not to join even your youngsters and grandkids will be embarrassed and humiliated. The artistic creation on the front shows a lady managing a youngster to where he ought to be going, the old woman needs the youngster to battle as she’s to old however its his obligation, it feels like the woman is compelling the man to sign up, he doesn’t need to see the appearance of disillusionment all over in the event that he says no. The impacts of these sonnets is that individuals get misdirect into accepting the war will be over actually rapidly, you’ll get great compensation, extremely pleasant regalia, travel everywhere throughout the world, meet decent individuals. In the event that you don’t go, at that point your extraordinary nation will be taken over by appalling individuals and everything will be demolished. Harold Begbie’s language is very enticing in his sonnet called â€Å"Fall In†, in it continues rehashing immediate and facetious inquiry like Where?, What?, How? Why? When? what's more, Will you†¦? The creator additionally utilizes religion to startle individuals into believing that they will be upsetting God by not battling in the war. He attempts to cause you to appear to be heartless when he composes â€Å"And right is crushed by wrong?† He envisions you just thinking about football, film, the bar and the wagering shop as though you just consider yourself. Jessie Pope’s language is additionally similarly as powerful. The sonnet she composes is called â€Å"Who’s for the game?† in her sonnet she additionally rehashes immediate and facetious inquiries. She utilizes Who? as in who’ll do this? what's more, who’ll do that? The who’s allude to you. The utilization of who in the vast majority of her sonnet is monotonous and in this manner the Who†¦? will remain in your psyche. Additionally her slang stating offers to conventional individuals who feel as though she’s practical and causes the composition to feel well disposed, this urges them to peruse on and not feel undermined with a formal significant looking banner.

10+ Useful Android Applications For Webmasters

10+ Useful Android Applications For Webmasters Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!10+ Useful Android Applications For WebmastersUpdated On 19/02/2020Author : Isha SinghTopic : AndroidShort URL : https://hbb.me/2sRBVhX CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogThe rule is to be connected to the Internet. Not be connected to the internet is like being sick.   Communicate to people the bad news: Today, Im not working, Im sick! Or Today, I can not go out at night, Im sick. Ill die! I was without net! In the case of a Webmaster, a programmer, web designer, editor of a blog (me), there are times of day that had no apparent usefulness.One day we will find that we need breaks, we need to rest, we need to stop the mind from time to time. But until then, while we wait for someone in the car or at the mall, while walking in public transport, we can test the code, access via FTP to our server, test color schemes for a new design in our Android.Lets see some applications that can increase our productivity in those moments that have nothing to do. That is, work more#1 AndFTPThe AndFTp is an FTP client/FTP/FTPS allows to connect from Android to a remote server via the protocol specified to perform: Download and upload files Rename, delete and copy files Change permissions on folders and files Create and delete foldersYou can configure multiple links to different FTP accounts. The interface is easy to use.#2 HTMLEditorAn application for programmers to edit HTML, PHP, ASP, CSS and JS on Android.#3 PhotoshopIt is the ideal application for editing photos in Android. For example: Crop and rotate an image Making color adjustments Change to black and white Apply some effects#4 View Web SourceThe need to see the source code of a web page is common to all web designers. This application lets you open the source code of any page in a text editor, where we can analyze the code, modify it and write up some notes and send it v ia email to verify later.#5 Magic Color PickerThe ideas come in unexpected places and moments. If you need to study the best color to an idea that came out of nowhere, walking by the sea, this application allows you to do this. The only problem is that you can not record or export color codes will have to point these codes.#6 Mobile GAI know some webmasters who consult the statistics of the website every 5 minutes. Its a compulsive behavior, obsessive and depressing. But if life were only the rainbow would not taste the same.This application allows Android to access Google Analytics through its API. The information does not pass through the servers of third parties. Therefore, it is a safe way to access the statistics when you are playing football with friends or jogging or watching a movie at the cinema.   There is nothing more important than query Google Analytics READSome Essential Tips For Generating A Secure PasswordWhen driving, please do not use GA M obile!#7 WordPress MobileEnforcement official WordPress for Android, which allows for example: Configure and manage multiple blogs Manage and respond to commentsCreate and edit post, categories and tags Create and edit pages#8 Bloo FacebookAn open source application for Android for you to play   Only to access your account on facebook. You can not play Farmville #9 Twitter for AndroidOfficial Twitter application for Android. Twitter is even a social conversation in real time, anywhere, anytime.#10 Thinking SpaceThe Thinking Space is an application to recommend.   I think a good idea to organize our ideas visually through diagrams and charts, establishing relationships and hierarchies.#11 Freelancer Ex12131This application is a joke Have you ever had a client who wanted the job done yesterday? Usually it is one customer who believes that success is instantaneous and that the only thing separating you from the Ferrari you always dreamed about is you your hired web design work for over 24 hours and where is the website?   Will it take long?In this application, you will find about 200 excuses, some funny, so youll get some peace of mind for a few hours.It is obvious that the best approach is contractually execution time of each phase of web design project. And hire a secretary with a sweet voice to serve customers who need friendship and attention. But there is always room for humor.#12 ConnectBotIf you need to access your web server via SSH, this application lets you do this on your Android.#13 HTML TestTest your skills of HTML with application developed by INTERSOG. Fast and easy. This interactive testing approach is used in dynamic real-world environments to test and train professional Web Developers.It is a must-have app for web developers, tech enthusiasts and those with a general interest in HTML.Hope you would have found these Android Apps useful, if you know any other useful Application, please share it in the comments. For further Android Apps Resources, subscribe to HellBound Bloggers. This article is written by Isha Singh. She is the Editor-in-Chief and Owner of Cyber World. If you wish to write for HBB, kindly check this.

Essay about The Crucible with Lord of the Flies - 1088 Words

Goldie Bignell The successful and what could have been successful societies in both Lord of the Flies and The Crucible eventually decayed and fell apart. There were struggles with good and evil in Salem and on the island that were the result of three main elements. Fear, misuse of power and fanatical religious beliefs were the cause of the two societies failure. In Salem, anything unusual or different from the norm was seen as alien and sinful. When Parris saw the girls dancing in the woods, he became afraid the other townspeople would blame him for letting the sacrilegious acts take place. Since he was the reverend, he was supposed to make sure everyone in town was following their religious paths. To avoid punishment, he blamed†¦show more content†¦Reverend Hale uses his authority in the crying out scene at the end of act 1 to make the girls accuse innocent people of telling them to do the witchcraft. He gives the girls answers to choose from when he questions them and they confess to things that Hale makes up. When talking about the kettle Hale says,Mr. Parris, you did not notice, did you, any living thing in the kettle? A mouse, perhaps, a spider, a frog-?(42). Though there probably was no frog, Abigail pleads that she didnt put it in the pot, but it jumped in by its self. Deputy Danforth threatens to arrest Giles Corey in contempt of court when court was not in session. Danforth then starts the court and continues to question Giles while they are in the lobby of the courthouse. Danforths annoyance with Giles ends up getting him arrested and later, hung. Since Abigail was now an official of the court, she would be thought to be telling the truth. In the courthouse Abigail puts on a show with the rest of the girls and pretends Mary Warren is sending a bird to attack her. They mimic Mary as if she was controlling them and Mary thinks she will get in more trouble. She then accuses John Proctor to take the blame off herself. John gets hung because of Marys charge against him. In Lord of the Flies, Jack uses his choir group as a loyal following that he can control and creates a dominant force. Jack tells the boys who are supposed to make sure the fire doesnt goShow MoreRelatedLord of the Flies and the Crucible1355 Words   |  6 PagesSavagery, insanity and murder, one would never think that â⠂¬Å"innocent† children were capable of such appalling things, but maybe we are wrong. In both Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, and The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, both of these authors wrote about children acting as just that and many characters became very similar to each other. Each society had potential in being successful, but both had major flaws that key characters discovered and then used to tear the fragile fabric that the societyRead MoreLord Of The Flies And The Crucible Comparison Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesFear can cause people do some crazy actions. The book, Lord of the Flies, by William Golding and the movie, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller both have many character traits in common. They both show variations of how everyone in both The Lord of the Flies and the Crucible, experience having the fear of the unknown. Each character from both the book and the movie express it in a different way. The fear of the unknown can haunt many characters. Parachute ’s body and spectral evidence, Jack and AbigailRead MoreEssay on Comparing The Crucible and Lord Of The Flies1076 Words   |  5 Pages The successful and what could have been successful societies in both Lord of the Flies and The Crucible eventually decayed and fell apart. There were struggles with good and evil in Salem and on the island that were the result of three main elements. Fear, misuse of power and fanatical religious beliefs were the cause of the two societies failure. In Salem, anything unusual or different from the norm was seen as alien and sinful. When Parris saw the girls dancing in the woods, he became afraidRead MoreThe Crucible, The Lord Of The Flies, And The Book Thief1758 Words   |  8 Pagesones which already existed. To highlight this, I have selected the play, The Crucible, the movie, The Lord of the Flies, and the novel, The book Thief. For each I will analyse how each have affected my attitudes values and beliefs, how each have affected how I view the world and how each successfully use impactful aesthetic devices. ‘The Crucible’, was written during the McCarthy hearings of 1953 by Arthur miller. The Crucible is set in 1692 and takes place in the theocratic Puritan town known as SalemRead MoreBelonging the Crucible, Lord of the Flies and Animal Farm3249 Words   |  13 Pagesnot likely you will feel like you completely belong with them. In Arthur Millers The Crucible intolerance, hysteria and suspicion, greed (for wealth, land, power)and corruption of power turns a town against each other and highlights the different groups in the town and how they are linked or exiled from the rest of the town and how better understanding of each group could effect this. In Lord of the Flies by William Golding the different views and beliefs of Ralph and Jack and the need forRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding776 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel Lord of the Flies presents the themes of evil and sin as an innate, inevitable and negative feature throughout the novel, similar to the play The Crucible. William Golding uses Lord of the Flies as an allegory to present evil and sin through different symbols within the novel, with boys being trapped on an island. Arthur Miller presents evil and sin through a contextual, Puritan society within various characters. Even though both writers present these themes, Golding presents it in theRead MoreHuman Nature In Lord Of The Flies Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesHuman nature is the â€Å"general psychological characteristics, feelings, and behavioral traits of humankind†. Between the Book, Lord of the flies and The Crucible, human nature is strongly portrayed through similar characters such as Simon and Mary Warren, Satan/Devil and the Beast, and Jack and Abigail. Simon and Mary Warren both share their wise and kind traits and being bringers of truth, while Satan/Devil and the Beast share the characteristic of exotic and the unknown, both are also able to bringRead MoreConflict Rises from Power Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesthe times of the tragic witch trials The Crucible is a drama that shows power resting on moral, legal and religious dynamics that lead to inner, social and religious conflicts. Marking Time an ABC miniseries explores the inner conflict of Hal as he struggles to maintain his power by being with a group he does not really fit into, it also shows how the youth of society challenge authority which leads to social conflict between the two groups. Lord of the Flies a novel by William Golding about the savagenessRead More Conflict rises from power Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesthe times of the tragic witch trials The Crucible is a drama that shows power resting on moral, legal and religious dynamics that lead to inner, social and religious conflicts. Marking Time an ABC miniseries explores the inner conflict of Hal as he struggles to maintain his power by being with a group he does not really fit into, it also shows how the youth of society challenge authority which leads to social conflict between the two groups. Lord of the Flies a novel by William Golding about the savagenessRead MoreReverend Hale is Not Guilty931 Words   |  4 Pagesreal-life example of this is when Michael Morton got sentenced to life in prison when he was falsely accused of murdering his wife. Twenty-five years later, he was eventually exonerated from prison by the use of DNA evidence. In Arthur Millers ​The Crucible, while the witch trials were underway, situations like this were common occurrences. The play which took place in Salem, Massachusetts, was centered around many innocent people getting framed for witchcraft by licentious people who wante d to place

Cuánto gana un maestro en Estados Unidos

Frida Kahlo Artist, Feminist, Rebel Essay - 3022 Words

Frida Kahlo is a world-renowned Mexican painter known for her shocking self-portaits filled with painful imagery. Her artwork was seen by many as surrealist and socialist, but she refused the labels put on herself. Until today, her works have been able to exude the same playful and wild feel as before (Fisher n.p). Her legacy as a painter has attracted prominent people like Madonna who has confessed her admiration for the painter. Not only that but fashion designers are frequently inspired by her iconic Tijuana dresses while her paintings have been priced at more than three million dollars (Bauer 115). Besides that, one notable quality of Frida Kahlo that attracts women would be her feminism. In a country where the percentage of women†¦show more content†¦This shows her early use of symbolisms in her paintings. Another work would be If Adelita... or The Peaked Caps which is a painting of the several members from the Cachuchas around a table and their different personalities . These early paintings were not only her first attempts of painting but symbolized her beginning as an artist (Kettenmann 11 and 12). Later on, she took a job to lift the financial burdens of her family and was the paid apprentice of Fernando Fernandez who employed her to copy prints and drawings. He was surprised by her innate talent in art and praised Kahlos work under him. Despite this, she felt no need to be a professional artist and saw art as a mere hobby (Souter 19). On September 17 1925, there was a collision between a bus and a streetcar. This accident left Frida Kahlo bed-ridden for several months because of her many fractures and dislocated legs. To end her boredom she started painting, borrowing oil paint from her father and asking for an easel from her mother (Kettenmann 17 and 18). Her paintings like Self-portrait in a Velvet Dress and Portait of My Sister Cristina were mainly influenced by European art unlike her later works (Kettenmann 21). This was because of the art books she studied mainly focused on the Italian Renaissance. Her friends even nicknamed her early works as her Boticelli because of its similarities to Boticellis females (BauerShow MoreRelatedComparing and Contrasting Famous Artists and their Lives Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesIn the 1920’s he was a successful artist and teacher but with the rise of Hitler and Nazism his work and art was rejected. He fled Germany for Amsterdam and after the war moved to the United States. During all this upheaval and persecution Beckman continued to work. He was prodigious and his output was considerable. He was in all the major institutions in Germany . Beckman was a critic of Nazism and the fascist regime. His images criticized the use of propaganda Beckman used a very forceful imageryRead MoreFrida Kahlo Feminist Theory Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe feminist theory has been most commonly found throughout literature, as writers express their deepest concerns and criticisms. H owever, the feminist theory can be found in other mediums: art, journalism, and music. Frida Kahlo is known for contributing to the feminist theory, having participated in joining the Communist Party in the 1920s, which was the second wave (Helland 397). What truly led Kahlo to become an icon of the feminism and feminist theory was her expression of herself. Kahlo painted

Theology and Religious Studies

Question: Discuss this statement with reference to one of the four Gospels. Answer: Each of the Gospels was written to meet the spiritual needs of a Christian community. This statement is justified by an incident dictated by John, one of those four gospels. This story has been taken from John 6:1-15. John began his story by saying that Jesus went to the other side of the Galille Sea or Tiberias. John had mentioned the last time note in feast of the Jews.' Five to six months had passed after the Feast of Tabernacles. According to the other gospel, Jesus had sent twelve for ministry tour. They shared their experiences with him after coming back. At the mean time, they come to know that Herod beheaded John. Jesus and his disciples were engaged with the needy people. Therefore, they did not get the time to have something (Goh, 2016). Jesus invited them to go to another place for much-needed rest. With the help of a boat, they crossed the northern end of the Galilee Sea and reached to the area in the north of Bethsaida country. The crowds over there observed them passing the river and running around the lake. The disciples thought that they would never get away from the needy people. However, Jesus realized their compassion, gave them a lesson and healed their pain (Bssing et al., 2013). John noted that a big crowd followed him by seeing the signs, which was present in the sick people. Those people were not following Jesus just because he is the son of God, who can save them from their sins but also they got fascinated by seeing those miracles. Others in that group needed that magical healings for either their loved ones or themselves. The overall reason for following Jesus was superficial and misguided. According to John, after that incident, Jesus went up to the mountain, and he sat with his disciples. There he received Ten Commandments. A parallel was drawn with the Mose, who helped the people to get out of the Egypt after Passover (Sulmasy, 2016). Moses is also used by God to provide manna to the people in the wilderness. Therefore, mentioning the Passover is more than just a time notice. From John's view, Jesus should appear as the better and new moses. He provided himself with the brad of life or permanent manna. The Moses wrote to him. In the case, where the manna was called by Jesus to float down from heaven, he did not agree to do that. By using that magical incident, Jesus trained his twelve followers. John focused on the point where Jesus was asking Philip that where they can buy bred so that they can eat. According to the other disciples, Phillip had told Jesus to dismiss the multitude so that they can go for buying bread. However, pointedly Jesus told them to give something to eat. According to John, Jesus was doing to test them, as he was aware of his work (Ross Austin, 2015). Jesus was showing the way, where Philip and other disciples have to meet their needs along with their woeful inadequacy and all his sufficiency. Therefore, the statement is justified. References: Bssing, A., Janko, A., Baumann, K., Hvidt, N. C., Kopf, A. (2013). Spiritual needs among patients with chronic pain diseases and cancer living in a secular society.Pain Medicine,14(9), 1362-1373. Goh, D. P. (2016). Secular space, spiritual community and the hybrid urbanisms of Christianity in Hong Kong and Singapore.International Sociology, 0268580916643086. Ross, L., Austin, J. (2015). Spiritual needs and spiritual support preferences of people with end stage heart failure and their carers: implications for nurse managers.Journal of nursing management,23(1), 87-95. Sulmasy, D. P. (2016). Christian witness in health care.Christian Bioethics,22(1), 45-61.

Chemical Weapons Attack in Syria

Introduction There has been an intensified debate about the alleged chemical weapons attack on civilians in Syria and the proposal by the United States to conduct minimal military strikes in the country to safeguard the Syrians from the hostile regime.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chemical Weapons Attack in Syria specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been argued that the government of Syria, under its President Assad, authorized the use of chemical weapons in an attack that targeted the opposition factions in the country. This development came amidst the civil war in the country. The war has dragged for a considerable number of months, resulting in a lot of deaths and massive destruction of property. More than ten thousand people have died since the breakout of the war (Cowell para. 6). What has been outstanding as far as the civil war in Syria is concerned are the politics of supremacy among different playe rs in the global economy. The main players have been the United States, on the one hand, and Russia together with the support of Iran, on the other hand. Therefore, both the print and audio visual media have reported on these developments, with a number of reporters and commentators providing commentaries on the ongoing developments. This essay presents the developments on the chemical weapons attack on Syria and the steps that are being taken to handle the situation in Syria. The critical focus of the paper is the analysis of issues and the role and position of different stakeholders in the developments. The paper heavily borrows from the commentaries and reports presented by editorial journalists in key media resources. The Syria chemical weapons attack debate According to Cowell (para. 1), the United Nations has intensified its investigations over the alleged use of chemical weapons in Syria in the recent times. The United Nations has been pulled into this debate as one of the ke y moderators and centers for global pacification. The United Nations’ investigators are looking into the allegations that chemical weapons were deployed seven times, including in the last attack that was conducted on the 21st of August, 2013 and whose impact raised an alarm. The United Nations’ investigation has taken a dual dimension. It focuses on the possible production sites for chemical weapons and the possible storage sites for such weapons as it seeks to link the presence of the weapons to the supposed attacks (Cowell para. 2-5). This nature of investigations is based on the United Nations Convention on Arms and Weapons. The Convention has not only banned the use of chemical weapons, but it also largely bans the production of such weapons.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kristof (para. 1) noted that the threats made by the United States to implement minimum milit ary strikes in Syria have been vital in bringing out the truth about the development of chemical weapons in Syria. He notes that Syria has continued to develop chemical weapons for a long time, contrary to the international convention on the development of weapons that prohibits any country from developing such weapons. In what seems like a one sided view to the issue, Kristof (para. 2) continues to argue that the United States has managed to flex its military power. Such a decision, according to Kristof, is critical in compelling Syria to bring out the truth about the prevalence of chemical weapons programs in the country. In addition, there are conflicting reports about the intensity of chemical use in the civil war in Syria and the scale of damage. The scale of damage is one of the determinants of the nature of intervention that ought to be adopted (Anderson, para. 3). A follow up on the diplomatic efforts by Gordon denoted that a considerable level of progress has been made in t he negotiations. The negotiations that had been taking place in Geneva, Russia, and the United States reached a deal to the effect that the arsenal of chemical weapons in Syria needs to be destroyed. The negotiators set a deadline for the completion of the program of chemical weapons destruction in Syria at 2014 (Gordon para. 1-2). However, there is no optimism that such an agreement will be implemented fully. A substantial number of commentators argue that the timeline set for the completion of the chemical weapons destruction in Syria is quite short (Feith para. 4). Moreover, there is an immense critique of the environment under which the agreement has been reached. This implies that a lot of logical issues were sidelined during the negotiations due to immense pressure on the negotiators caused by the tense security environment and the possible security concerns and consequences that were bound to be witnessed if the two countries failed to come to a consensus over the issue of ch emical attacks and chemical weapons in Syria. Even with the involvement of the United Nations as a moderator, the developments prior to the agreement denoted pressure on the negotiators and the two governments to reach an agreement to avoid any blame for the fallout in the negotiations. Unsuccessful negotiations would mean the possible use of force to access the country and the destruction of the weapons (Gordon para. 2-4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chemical Weapons Attack in Syria specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Gladstone and Sengupta (para. 1) observed that the United Nations is a major force in not only the preparation of the sides to reach an agreement, but also a major player in the enforcement of sanctions. However, the same body is largely controlled by member countries, especially countries that have veto power. The United States and Russia have the veto power. In spite of the agreement having bee n reached, the ultimate player in this case is the Syrian regime. The resolution that was made by the United Nations Security Council does not threaten the Syrian government under the leadership of President Bashar al-Assad. This offers a great opportunity for the government of Syria to cooperate with the United Nations to avert the possible use of force, which may be lethal to the citizens of the country. There is no optimism over the possibility of ending the Syrian conflict by virtue of launching the program to bring the Syrian civil war to an end. Efforts to intervene and end the nuclear weapons production in the country should go hand in hand with the long term efforts of bringing the civil war to an end and restoration of political order in the country (Gladstone and Sengupta para. 8-9). However, whether President Bashar al-Assad can be coerced as a means of bringing the war to an end is an issue that is still complex due to side politics from the players in the diplomatic cou rse (Kristof para. 8). Moreover, there seems to be a split within the country over the embrace of coercion. The rebel forces in the country seem to back the use of coercion, while the government and other citizens vehemently oppose such a move (Gordon para. 8). There have been confusing reports about the nature of the chemicals that were used in the attacks, with some correspondents and chemical weapons experts pointing to the use of mustard gas. Others argue that the attackers used sarin. Reporting on the possible links to chemical attacks in Syria, Kaiser (para. 3) noted that the United Nations’ investigators need to assess the debris where the bombings took place to ascertain the nature of the chemical weapons that were deployed in Damascus and other alleged regions. However, Kaiser does not show optimism in these inspections. The United States is bound to launch attacks even before the United Nations’ investigators present their report (Kaiser, para 9). According t o Fidler (para. 1), the chemical weapons debate has attracted the attention of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). NATO, which is one of the military forces in the Western Europe region, has claimed that these attacks need to be given attention. The tone in the allegations raised by NATO denotes that the masterminds behind these attacks need to be brought to book. This implies the possibility of the involvement of NATO in direct intervention.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it is not known whether there is a force from the United States compelling NATO to give the warning. The statement released by NATO seemed to be affirmative. In the report, it was noted that there are stockpiles of chemical weapons in Syria. Again, this raises the question about the essence of the ongoing investigations bearing in mind that most of the renowned powers provide statements that seem to affirm that the Syrian regime has promoted the production of chemical weapons. If it is true that such weapons are being produced and have been used to unleash violence on the people of Syria, then the condemnation from the international community is welcome. The production and deployment of these weapons pose a threat not only to the citizens of Syrian, but also across the entire world. The mere fact that these weapons have been deployed in Syria means that there is a high potential of these weapons crossing the borders and being deployed in other countries (Fidler para. 3-9). Feith (para. 2) ascertains that the policy of the United States in Syria is multifaceted. The United States is not only concerned about the production and the claimed deployment of chemical attacks in the country, but it also focuses on the humanitarian crisis that has been created from the long standoff in the country and the possibility of combating the greater interests of Iran in Syria. It is claimed that Iran has continuously offered support to Hezbollah proxies, who have helped in keeping the hostile regime in power. The United States government has continuously made attempts to link the Syrian regime to the chemical weapons attack. People have been seeing the policy of the United States in Syria as focusing on ousting President Assad from power. This has caused the United States to change its policy by launching the campaign to preserve Assad in power and still implement its foreign policy goals in the region (Feith para. 2-4). Informed opinion on the Syria chemical weapons a ttack The issue of chemical weapons attack in Syria is an eye opener into the large gap that prevails in the international political systems and the ability of these systems to embrace trust and cooperation for the sake of promoting human security. The debate and opinions on the issue revolve around the responsibility of each player and whether these claimed responsibilities can be justified. Therefore, it can be said that a lot of ethical issues are evident in the developments that are taking place, with most of the players seeking to justify their planned set of responses. It is evident that the supposed attacks have sparked the struggle for power and supremacy in the global political arena. This incites a psychological war between the United States and its contemporary competitors (Charles para. 1-2). The countries that are on the periphery, but have been closely linked to the contemporary developments and the search for a permanent solution in the conflict include Russia and the United States. These are the two countries that have immensely struggled for power and supremacy in the world history. Russia, together with a number of its allies like Iran and North Korea, is opposed to plans to conduct military strikes in Syria by arguing that they will aid the Syrian regime to counter any military attacks if the United States decides to go on with the proposed military strikes. In this case, Syria is viewed as a periphery battle ground as far as the renewed struggle for supremacy between the United States and Russia is concerned. The struggle by these periphery countries to justify their actions concerning the issue does not offer a solution to the citizens of Syria, who continue to face the wrath from the sustained civil war in the country. Whether the chemical weapons are deployed in the country or not seems to be the main focus. Looking at it from the ethical stance, it is critical to focus on tactics that will stop or minimize the negative attributes of the civil war on the civilians. This is the form of humanity that is required, instead of the contest that is being seen from the commentaries. The use of chemical weapons needs to be condemned using the strongest terms possible as the use of such weapons endangers the status of humanity in the word. The question that needs to be asked and responded to is how the production of such weapons can be stopped without causing more harm to innocent people in Syria. The question should not focus on whether these weapons were used or not, but on whether there is a better way of preventing the production of such weapons in order to eliminate the chances of such weapons being deployed again and assuring the Syrians of safety and security. With periphery politics surrounding the issue, the investigations and the role of the United Nations in the issue are bound to be watered down by what can be termed as the re-emergence of realistic tendencies in global politics. For once, it is critical for the United States to put aside its interests in Syria and implement policies that can help to avert the humanitarian situation in Syria. Conclusion From the discussion above, it can be argued that the issue of the civil war in Syria and the recent developments has sparked international debates. The rationale for this conclusion is that the supposed chemical weapons attack in Syria has sparked concerns about international security and the responsibility of world powers in sustaining global peace. In addition, the issue of the battle for supremacy has re-emerged, thereby making the issue more complex due to the clash of interests evident in the way different countries are crafting their foreign policies in relation to the Syrian chemical weapons attack issue. Variations in commentaries and opinions are bound to broaden as actions are taken by different players. Works Cited Anderson, Jon Lee. â€Å"Syria, Assad, and the History of Chemical Weapons.† The New Yorker 22 Aug. 2013. Web. http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2013/08/syria-assad-and-the-history-of-chemical-weapons.html Charles, Eric. â€Å"Syria, Chemical Weapons, and Confirmation Bias.† The Daily Democrat. 2013. Web. http://www.thedailydemocrat.com/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=23190Itemid=9 Cowell, Alan. â€Å"U.N. Investigates More Alleged Chemical Attacks in Syria.† The New York Times 27 Sept. 2013. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/28/world/middleeast/united-nations-syria-chemical-weapons.html Feith, Douglas J. â€Å"A Very Productive Chemical-Weapons Attack.† The Wall Street Journal 16 Sept. 2013. Web. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324665604579078940387757478.html. Fidler, Stephen. â€Å"NATO Says Syria Chemical Attack ‘Cannot Go Unanswered’.†The Wall Street Journal 28 Aug. 2013. Web. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324009304579040753547926212.html Gladstone, Rick, and Somini Sengupta. â€Å"Swift Move ment Is Seen on Syria After U.N. Action.† The New York Times 27 Sept. 2013. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/28/world/middleeast/syria-chemical-weapons.html?ref=michaelrgordon. Gordon, Michael R. â€Å"U.S. and Russia Reach Deal to Destroy Syria’s Chemical Arms.† The New York Times 14 Sept. 2013. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/15/world/middleeast/syria-talks.html?pagewanted=all Kaiser, Jocelyn. â€Å"Backgrounder: Clues to a Chemical Weapons Attack in Syria.† Science Magazine 28 Aug. 2013. Web. http://news.sciencemag.org/asiapacific/2013/08/backgrounder-clues-chemical-weapons-attack-syria Kristof, Nicholas D. â€Å"That Threat Worked.† The New York Times 11Sept. 2013. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/12/opinion/kristof-that-threat-worked.html?_r=0 This essay on Chemical Weapons Attack in Syria was written and submitted by user Gabriel Dawson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Alexander Surname Meaning and Origin

Alexander Surname Meaning and Origin The Alexander surname means repulser of the enemy or defender of men. It derives from the personal name Alexander, derived from the Greek AÃŽ »ÃŽ µÃŽ ¾ÃŽ ±vÃŽ ´poÏ‚ (Alexandros),  made up of alexin, meaning to defend and andros, meaning man. Although derived from a personal name of  Greek origin, the Alexander surname is most commonly found in Scotland as an Anglicized form of the Gaelic name MacAlasdair.  MACALLISTER is a common derivation. Alexander is the  104th most popular surname in Scotland, just dropping out of the top 100 during the past decade.   Surname Origin:  Scottish, English, Dutch, German Alternate Surname Spellings:  ALEXANDRE, ALESANDER, ALESANDRE, ALAXANDAIR, ALASDAIR, ALEXANDAR, ALEKSANDER, MACALEXANDER Where in the World is the ALEXANDER Surname Found? Perhaps surprising, but the Alexander surname is found in the greatest frequency in the Caribbean island nation of Grenada, where one in 52 people bears the surname. According to Forebears, it also ranks among the top 20 surnames in several other Caribbean countries, including St. Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, Dominica, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Alexander is also popular in Scotland and the United States; it ranks just out of the top 100 surnames in both countries. WorldNames PublicProfiler  highlights Alexander as an especially popular surname in Australia and New Zealand, followed by the United States and Great Britain. Within Scotland, Alexander is found most frequently in South Ayrshire.   Famous People with the Last Name ALEXANDER Harold Alexander -  British commander who fought in both World WarsNathaniel Alexander - inventor of the folding chairJason Alexander - American film, theater and television actor, most well known for his role as George in Seinfeld.Archibald Alexander - Protestant clergyman and educator Genealogy Resources for the Surname ALEXANDER Clan Alexander and North AmericaA history of Clan Alexander and its ties to North America by Lord Stirling, the current clan chief. Alexander Surname Y-DNA ProjectOver 340 members belong to this Y-DNA surname project at FamilyTreeDNA, organized to connect individuals with the Alexander surname interested in DNA testing. Alexander Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Alexander surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Alexander query. FamilySearch - ALEXANDER GenealogyExplore over 3.5 million historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Alexander surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website. ALEXANDER Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Alexander surname. DistantCousin.com - ALEXANDER Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Alexander. The Alexander Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the popular last name Alexander from the website of Genealogy Today. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name Meanings Cant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Week One Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week One Discussion Questions - Essay Example Without these estimates, it would be impossible for the company to make the changes necessary today to keep the companys finances on solid ground tomorrow. By the time the hard data was in, it might be too late. Many stakeholders, internal and external, rely on a companys accounting estimates as a basis for the decisions that impact their business activity. Shareholders may make a decision to buy or sell. Vendors may increase or decrease the production of raw materials. Plans for expansion may be made based on revenue estimates. For these reasons, it is imperative that the accountant provides an accurate, and ethical, estimate based on the information available. There may be a temptation to exaggerate, overlook, or manufacture the data in an effort to unfairly benefit a specific stakeholder, such as the case at Enron and its unethical practices. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, passed in response to Enrons unethical and deceptive estimates, now requires all publicly held companies to have a "financial expert serving on its audit committee" and have a set of "written standards reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing" (Green, 2005, p.239). 2.) Internal controls are a set of processes and procedures that a company has in place to protect and insure solid management practices, and reduce the potential for unethical activity. Internal controls help prevent a careless, intentional, or malicious act from impacting the company in a negative fashion. For example, requiring that two different people sign all checks can help prevent the unauthorized use of a specific bank account. In addition, multiple experts, that can all agree and form a consensus as to their probablility of being accurate, should review all estimates. Internal controls are generally placed at points of transactions where money and goods are most at risk. The accounts payable account could be at risk if a malicious employee manufactured false invoices to be paid to their personal account. An internal

Writers Inventory Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writers Inventory Letter - Essay Example Also, I have discovered that choosing topics is not as difficult as I initially found it to be – it needs creativity in many cases. One thing that I have never quite learned is how to make transitions when introducing new ideas. The use of connectors such as â€Å"so †¦ that, although, no sooner †¦than and thought† have proved to be quite challenging. Similarly, incorporating quotes and citing other people’s works in my writing has remained a challenge – maybe because I haven’t learned how to use some punctuations marks. Although my grammar has improved, I know I have quite a lot to do still. For example many times I misspell words that look so simple. Because my grammar is still inadequate, I often lack words to use in place of others. I will try reading more literature to learn more words and how to use them. I need to learn how to keep to the topic as I write. In many occasions, I have presented irrelevant information and far exceeded or presented inadequate material. I may start writing well but somewhere along the line I go off topic. I tend to use so many words to explain even simple concepts. I hope to work on these weaknesses. I will have to practice more to stick to the topic. I also want to thank you for being so helpful to me and to the whole of our class.

Military Orders Essay Example for Free

Military Orders Essay The issue of following military orders from higher ranking military officials that may be unethical has been a disturbing and controversial issue over many years and decades. Many soldiers and service members in general have been put into a situation where they were given in order, knowing well that the situation isn’t right but cannot disobey. The leader giving the order in all likelihood may threaten or set out stiff punishment on to the individual who did not follow the order or hesitates to follow out on the order. It just isn’t fair that these soldiers and service members are put in these situations and get punished for doing the right thing. When this situation may be in question in a court of law because of the severity of the crime, these soldiers may get in trouble for committing the act even though they were just following orders. This is a big problem in the United States military and it’s not fair that these soldiers and service members, who sacrifice their lives for our freedom, are punished and put in this situation. Military members who fail to obey the lawful orders of their superiors risk serious consequences. Article 90 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) makes it a crime for a military member to willfully  disobey a superior commissioned officer. Article 91 makes it a crime to willfully   disobey a superior Noncommissioned or Warrant Officer. Article 92 makes it a crime to disobey any lawful order (the disobedience does not have to be â€Å"willful† under this article). In fact, under Article 90, during times of war, a military member who willfully disobeys a superior commissioned officer can be sentenced to death (Powers, N/A). The articles that mentioned above clearly state that a service member cannot disobey a lawful order or they will be punished for the crime, under the article covers their punishment. The excuse of just following orders when they are lawful or not is not an excuse nor will it bold well in a military court. Following through with an unlawful order is bad if not worse than disobeying a lawful order. The individuals committing these crimes will be held accountable and will be punished to the fullest extent. In other cases, some service members have made willful decisions in which they have went AWOL from the orders they received and were supposed to report. An example is when an Army flight surgeon who is risking his career to force President Barack Obama to prove he’s a natural born citizen is under investigation by the Army after failing to report for duty in preparation for an Afghanistan deployment. Lt. Col. Terrance Lakin was ordered to report to Fort Campbell, Ky. on April 12 but instead reported to Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, his former assignment (Jordan, 2010). In this situation, Lt. Col. Lakin is committing a willful crime that is illegal under the articles of UCMJ and is only doing this because of his beliefs. His beliefs that President Barrack Obama needs to prove he is a natural born citizen of the United States. Just reading this article, it provides me with this question: Is it really worth getting in trouble and potentially giving up on a well decorated, stable career for just not showing up to your assigned place of duty just for some proof. President Obama was put into office for a reason and like any job out there was checked up upon and is very much qualified for the position. I think this is a bad decision by Lt. Col. Lakin. Giving up so much for this purpose is just plain ridiculous to me. There are also times where groups of soldiers disobey orders set out for them only because they feel for their lives. Maybe, they experienced something before they lead them to disobey the order. In 2004, Jeremy Hudson of the Clarion-Ledger in Jackson, Miss. , the reporter who broke the story about a military unit in Iraq refusing to go on a dangerous mission. The U. S. military unit in Iraq reportedly refused an order to join what the soldiers called a suicide mission to deliver fuel from their base near Nasiriyah to another base near Taji further north. The soldiers were reservists in a Quartermaster Company. They were supposed to deliver fuel. And they had had some concerns previously about delivering the fuel because of, as they termed it, ill-equipped vehicles mainly lacking the proper armor, and even maintenance problems with the vehicles. They had expressed this, from what I have been told, to their commanders, and basically it fell on deaf ears. They got together and talked to their commanders, from what Im told was for some time, and basically got nowhere. So they decided together to not go (Hudson, 2004). In an article in the Lancet (The Lancet, 2011), a survey was conducted 7 to months into a 15 month, intensity combat deployment in Iraq, between December 11, 2007 and January 30, 2008. An infantry brigade combat team soldiers were picked randomly based upon their company and last four digits of each of these soldiers social security number. The following is an a piece of the article explaining the methods conducted to produce this survey. These soldiers were then invited to complete an anonymous survey 3 months after completion of the training. Reports of unethical behavior and attitudes in this sample were compared with a randomly selected pre-training sample from the same brigade. The response patterns for ethical behavior and reporting of ethical violations were analyzed with chi-square analyses. We developed two logistic regression models using self-reported unethical behaviors as dependent variables. Factors associated with unethical conduct, including combat experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), were assessed with validated scales (The Lancet, 2011). 500 random soldiers were selected to take the survey and 421 agreed to do the anonymous post training survey. 97 soldiers completed the pre-training survey. The following is the results of the surveys that these soldiers took. Training was associated with significantly lower rates of unethical conduct of soldiers and greater willingness to report and address misconduct than in those before training. For example, reports of unnecessary damage or destruction of private property decreased from 13 ·6% (54 of 397) before training to 5 ·0% (21 of 421) after training (percent difference ? 63 ·2%), and willingness to report a unit member for mistreatment of a non-combatant increased from 36 ·0% (143 of 397) to 58 ·9% (248 of 421). Nearly all participants (410 [97%]) reported that training made it clear how to respond towards non-combatants. Combat frequency and intensity was the strongest predictor of unethical behavior; PTSD was not a significant predictor of unethical behavior after controlling for combat experiences (The Lancet, 2011). With the results of this survey I have come to the conclusion that training is the key to educate these soldiers on how to handle combat situations. The percentage increased in every topic discussed and it proves the fact that training is the absolute way to help these soldiers learn and understand the rules and regulations. What is lawful and what is not. Also, the soldier rights to disobey an order that is not lawful. There are other unethical matters that deal with the military and orders that are ordered to take place. The issue of a soldier that is wounded/injured in a warzone or a military environment and is taken to a medical facility receives but the soldier makes the decision to refuse the medical attention. What rights does the soldier if any have? Does this soldier have the right to make this decision? By not receiving the medical attention, he or she can affect their own livelihood and also others around them by refusing to get help. In an article by Janet Kelly, of the University of Hull, UK, she presents a few scenarios on about this topic and what happens when a soldier does deny medical treatment. The following paragraph is in the article and shows one of these scenarios. With the examples I provided, I have learned that the United States military strictly punishes its service member with the crimes they commit by going by their governing document of the UCMJ. Following military orders is a strictly enforced. There isn’t any room for error when an order is given unless it is an unlawful order and can be challenged by the service member towards the superior official.

Essays --

Animal Testing According to the Foundation for Biomedical Research, â€Å"animal research has had a huge role in almost every major medical related discovery of the past century†. (Jarrett) I believe scientific testing on animals should remain legal, both for human and veterinary health. From blood transfusions to anitbiotics, from chemotherapy to vaccinations, and joint replacement to bypass surgery basically every current day emergency for prevention, treatment, control of disease, pain, and even cure is even based on knowledge achieved through research with lab animals. I believe it should remain legal because, the information we learn from the testing is very helpful, it has helped advancement in products that are used in our everyday lives. â€Å"Animal research and testing has played a part in almost every medical breakthrough of the last century. It has saved hundreds of millions of lives worldwide...† (Ryan) In a survey it has said that 99% of the physicians in the United States, agree that animal research has highly progressed medical research. In fact, almost 97% of those p...

Music Tempo

Since the early Baroque period, tempo markings had been used predominantly with instrumental music. But despite this fact, not all instrumental music had a tempo mark during those times. Composers have been inconsistent in their use of it; however, conductors have often modified a composer’s indications, either because of a different interpretation of the composition or because of the conditions under which it is performed. It was during the era of Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1827) tempo markings became necessary which provided metronome markings instead of using descriptive words.Dance and choral music were played at a certain tempo, depending on their style and reflections to the mood of the text. In addition, descriptive tempo markings will most likely present the mood for example, allegro, not only tries to project the thought of quickness but it also conveys brightness. Largo does not only imply slowness but also broadness and expansiveness. Still using today the verbal te mpos frequently together with precise metronome markings are due to the expressive qualities being manifested.Vague idea of speed and notation of confusion will be the results of music being written before the development of particular metronomes. Speed is being indicated as symbols give the number of beats per bar in the system of time signatures being developed during the Renaissance period. Terminologies such as allegro meaning fast, presto as quick and lento being slow are Italian words indicating tempo in the 17th century. To the modern musicians, these words only gave an indistinct concept of speed but for the enthusiasts of contemporary music, customs of tempo were taken as read among composers and nearly all players.Tempo is an Italian word meaning speed or movement. At the top left corner of the musical staff, there could be found an expression that indicates how fast or slow the music should be played. This expression could be a word or a metronome marking. Metronome marki ng is the number of beats occurring in 60 seconds that measures the pace of music. As an example, ‘crotchet=60’ meaning there should be a 60 crotchet beats to the minute, that is to say, one .per second. Tempo is being measured by modern electronic metronomes very accurately.To some performers, they play the tempo according to their preferences and what suit their interpretation of the music. Performers who were encouraged to pay more attention to original tempo markings were caused by the knowledge of performance practice achieved by academic investigation into earlier music. At any one time, some other factors are influencing the choice of tempo, and a critical musical analysis most likely relies on changes in the fundamental tempo throughout a piece such as accelerando which means getting faster, ritardando as getting slower or rubato with a beat that is strictly irregular.The rate of speed is determined by its characteristics, performances’ physical condition s, and the composer’s transmitted instructions. Before the 17th century, from the notation, performers knew the correct tempo, for tempo were related to note values. The adaption of time signatures and tempo marks made visible a variety of durations for any note. The time signature  ¾ gave a quarter note one pulse, 3/2 gave half pulse; 4/8 gave it two pulses. The rate at which these occurred could be modified by the use of tempo markings, such as allegro or andante. A high degree of accuracy in tempo indications was made possible by the invention of the metronome, a device that shows the number of beats per minute.For adagio or very slow tempo, Adagio for Strings by Barber or Trio Sonata in G major by Bach are good sample pieces. Brandenburg Concerto No.6, in B-flat major by Bach and Clarinet Concerto in a major by Mozart are good pieces for allegro that is lively, rather quick. For rather slow, at moderate tempo that is andante, Mozart’s Piano Concerto No.21 in C ma jor is advisable to be listened.For grave, that is extremely low and solemn, Beethoven’s Sonata No.8 in C minor would be the perfect example. And for largo that is slow and broad, Dvorak’s Symphony No.9 in E minor as its corresponding piece. For moderate tempo we have moderato. For the samples, try Shostakovich’s Trio for Violin, Cello, and Piano or Hindemith’s Sonata for Bass, Tuba, and Piano. Mendelssohn’s Symphony No.4 in A major is an excellent musical piece for very quick tempo which is called presto. For quick and lively that is vivace, listen to Clarke’s Sonata for Viola and Piano,II.There are lots of tempo markings. From the fastest to slowest, common markings include prestissimo for extremely fast, vivacissimamente as the adverb of vivacissimo meaning very quickly and lively, vivacissimo for very fast and lively, presto and allegrissimo for very fast, and vivo as lively and fast. Allegro is used for fast and bright or called as a ma rch tempo. Allegro moderato for moderately quick, allegretto used in moderately fast, moderato for moderately, andantino for alternatively faster or slower than andante, andante used at a walking pace, tranquillamante is derived from the adverb of tranquillo meaning tranquilly and tranquillo for tranquil.Adagietto is used for rather slow, adagio for slow and stately, grave for slow and solemn. Larghetto is used for rather broadly, largo for very slow, lento is very slow like largo, largamente largo for broadly and very slow and larghissimo also for very slow. Basically allegro, largo, adagio, vivace, presto, andante and lento are the few root words used in markings.The suffix –issimo when put in the root word makes the tempo amplified. –ino used as suffix makes the tempo reduced and by adding the suffix –etto to the word the tempo becomes endeared. For sudden changes of different tempo in a piece of music, a new tempo will be given also marked the same way. Molt o or un poco are terms used as modifiers. Accelerando is used when tempo is accelerating or getting faster. Ritardando is used when slowing down, ritenuto when slower and rallentado when gradually slower. Poco a poco is used if pertaining to little by little or gradually speed. Rubato is used when speeding up and at the same time relaxes in ways that puts emphasis on the phrasing. Tempo I is used when referring to the original tempo again.ReferencesFarlex, Inc.   (2008). Tempo.   RetrievedApril 22, 2008 from

Danie Theron as a Hero of the Anglo-Boer War

On the 25th of April 1899 Danie Theron, a Krugersdorp attorney, was found guilty of assaulting Mr W. F. Monneypenny, the editor of The Star newspaper, and fined  £20. Monneypenny, who had only been in the South Africa for two months, had written a highly derogatory editorial against the ignorant Dutch. Theron pleaded extreme provocation and his fine was paid by his supporters in the courtroom. So starts the story of one of the Anglo-Boer Wars most illustrious heroes. Danie Theron and the Cycling Corps Danie Theron, who had served in the 1895 Mmalebà ´gà ´ (Malaboch) War, was a true patriot - believing in the just and divine right of the Boer to stand against British interference: Our strength lies in the justice of our cause and in our trust in help from above.1 Before the outbreak of war, Theron and a friend, J. P. Koos Jooste (a cycling champion), asked the Transvaal government if they could raise a cycling corps. (Bicycles had first been used by the US army in the Spanish War, 1898, when a hundred black cyclists under the command of Lt James Moss were rushed in to help with riot control in Havana, Cuba.) It was Therons opinion that using bicycles for dispatch riding and reconnaissance would save horses for use in combat. In order to gain the necessary permission Theron and Jooste had to convince the highly skeptical burghers that bicycles were as good, if not better, than horses. In the end, it took a 75 kilometre race from Pretoria to the Crocodile River Bridge2 in which Jooste, on a bicycle, beat an experienced horse rider, to convince Commandant-General Piet Joubert and President J. P. S. Kruger that the idea was sound. Each of the 108 recruits to the Wielrijeders Rapportgangers Corps (Cycle Dispatch Rider Corps) was supplied with a bicycle, shorts, a revolver and, on special occasion, a light carbine. Later they received binoculars, tents, tarpaulins and wire cutters. Therons corps distinguished themselves in Natal and on the western front, and even before the war had started had provided information about British troop movements beyond the Transvaals western border.1 By Christmas 1899, Capt Danie Therons dispatch rider corps were experiencing poor deliveries of supplies at their outposts on the Tugela. On the 24th December Theron complained to the Supplies Commission that they were severely neglected. He explained that his corps, who were always in the vanguard, were far from any railway line where supplies were unloaded and his wagons regularly returned with the message that there were no vegetables since everything had been carted off to the laagers surrounding Ladysmith. His complaint was that his corps did both dispatch riding and reconnaissance work, and that they were also called upon to fight the enemy. He wanted to offer them better sustenance than dried bread, meat and rice. The result of this plea earned Theron the nickname of Kaptein Dik-eet (Captain Gorge-yourself) because he catered so well for his corps stomachs!1 The Scouts Are Moved to the Western Front As the Anglo-Boer War progressed, Capt Danie Theron and his scouts were moved to the western front and the disastrous confrontation between the British forces under Field Marshal Roberts and the Boer forces under General Piet Cronje. After a long and hard struggle up the Modder River by the British forces, the siege of Kimberly had finally been broken and Cronje was falling back with a vast train of wagons and many women and children - the families of the Commandos. General Cronje almost slipped through the British cordon, but eventually was forced to form a laager by the Modder near Paardeberg, where they dug in ready for a siege. Roberts, temporarily indisposed with the flu, passed command to Kitchener, who faced with a drawn-out siege or an all-out infantry attack, chose the latter. Kitchener also had to deal with rearguard attacks by Boer reinforcements and the approach of further Boer forces under General C. R. de Wet. On the 25th of February, 1900, during the  Battle of Paardeberg,  Capt. Danie Theron bravely crossed the British lines and entered Cronjes laager in an effort to co-ordinate a breakout. Theron, initially traveling by bicycle2, had to crawl for much of the way, and is reported to have had a conversation with British guards before crossing the river. Cronje was willing to consider a breakout but felt it necessary to put the plan before a council of war. The following day, Theron sneaked back to De Wet at Poplar Grove and informed him that the council had rejected the breakout. Most of the horses and draught animals had been killed and the burgers were worried about the safety of the women and children in the laager. Additionally, officers had threatened to stay in their trenches and surrender if Cronje gave the order to breakout. On the 27th, despite a passionate plea to his officers by Cronje to wait just one more day, Cronje was forced to surrender. The humiliation of surrender w as made much worse because this was Majuba Day. This was one of the main turning points of the war for the British. On the 2nd of March a council of war at Poplar Grove gave Theron permission to form a Scout Corps, consisting of about 100 men, to be called the Theron se Verkenningskorps (Theron Scouting Corps) and subsequently known by the initials TVK. Curiously, Theron now advocated the use of horses rather than bicycles, and each member of his new corps was provided with two horses. Koos Jooste was given command of the Cycling Corps. Theron achieved a certain notoriety in his remaining few months. The TVK were responsible for destroying railway bridges and captured several British officers. As a result of his endeavors a newspaper article, 7th April 1900, reported that Lord Roberts labeled him the chief thorn in the side of the British and had put a bounty on his head of  £1,000, dead or alive. By July Theron was considered such an important target that the Theron and his scouts were attacked by General Broadwood and 4 000 troops. A running battle ensued during which the TVK lost eight scouts killed and the British lost five killed and fifteen wounded. Therons catalogue of deeds is vast considering how little time he had left. Trains were captured, railway tracks dynamited, prisoners freed from a British jail, he had earned the respect of his men and his superiors. Therons Last Battle On the 4th September 1900 in the Gatsrand, near Fochville, Commandant Danie Theron was planning an attack with General Liebenbergs commando on General Harts column. Whilst out scouting to discover why Leibenberg was not at the agreed position, Theron ran into seven members of Marshalls Horse. During the resultant fire fight Theron killed three and wounded the other four. The columns escort was alerted by the firing and immediately charged up the hill, but Theron managed to avoid capture. Finally the columns artillery, six field guns and 4.7 inch navel gun, were unhitched and the hill bombarded. The legendary Republican hero was killed in an inferno of lyddite and shrapnel3. Eleven days later, the body of Commandant Danie Theron was exhumed by his men and later reburied next to his late fiancà ©e, Hannie Neethling, at her fathers farm of Eikenhof, Klip River. Commandant Danie Therons death earned him immortal fame in Afrikaner history. On learning of Therons death, De Wet said: Men as lovable or as valiant there might be, but where shall I find a man who combined so many virtues and good qualities in one person? Not only had he the heart of a lion but he also possessed consummate tact and the greatest energy... Danie Theron answered the highest demands that could be made on a warrior1. South Africa remembered its hero by naming their School of Military Intelligence after him. References 1. Fransjohan Pretorius, Life on Commando during the Anglo-Boer war 1899 - 1902, Human and Rousseau, Cape Town, 479 pages, ISBN 0 7981 3808 4. 2. D. R. Maree,  Bicycles in the Anglo Boer war of 1899-1902. Military History Journal, Vol. 4 No. 1 of the South African Military History Society. 3. Pieter G. Cloete, The Anglo-Boer War: a chronology, J.P van de Walt, Pretoria,351 pages, ISBN 0 7993 2632 1.